Summary; section 5.4

Summary

• 20 kinds of monomers, or amino acids make up the polymer protein.
• proteins responsible for day to day functions
• ex)long term nutrient storage, muscles
• signals -send to other cells in body
• amino acids - carbon atom + 4 partners
• 3 of the partners are always the same
• hydrogen, carboxyl group, amino group
• the alternating one/fourth group/side group is different
• side group sometimes = R group
• amino acids link together to create proteins
• these chains are called a polypeptide
• dehydration provides a link for the amino acids
• proteins = one or more polypeptides
• arranging amino acids in different ways produce different proteins
• polypeptides are usually 100 amino acids
• a LOT of variations avaliable
• proteins are like a yarn ball
• temperatures, and changes in pH can unravel the protein
• denaturation is when a protein looses it's shape
• heating can unravel a protein
• if a protein looses's it's shape, then looses it's functions

Concept Check
1. Hair and muscles are proteins that you can see. Hair protects your head, and muscles are parts of the body that enables you to move and create things such as facial expressions
2. Hundreds of amino acids connect to make a polypeptide. Then, one or more polypeptides twist and thus make a protein.
3. When heat is added to a protein, the weak bonds cannot stand the hot molecules that come colliding into them. So, what happends is that the weak bonds start to break and then, at the end, the protein unravels.
4. The hydrogen, the amino group and the hydroxyl group are the consistant or similar part of an amino acid. The 4th partner is the special one, and the fourth partner decides what kind of special protein it will be. The fourth partner differenciate one protein from another one.