Summary 8.3

The Clavin cycle makes sugar from carbon dioxide
-calvin cycle like sugar factory
-starting material is regenerated in cycle
-compound that is regenerated is RuBP, five carbon sugar
-input; carbon dioxide, energy from ATP and electrons and hydrogen ions from NADPH
-output; rich sugar
-sugar is G3P
-uses G3P to make glucose and other organic molecules
Calvin Cycle
-carbon dioxide added to RuBP (3 unstable six-carbon molecules)
-six-carbon molecules break into three-carbon molecules (3-PGA)
-ATP and NADPH is put in (3-PGA turns into G3P)
-carbon dioxide goes out, G3P is used to make glucose
-five G3P molecules remain
-ATP rearranges the G3P molecules
-RuBP+ is regenerated
-ADP and NADP+ goes back to light reactions
-photosynthesis equation; 6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
-light reaction in thylakoid membrane
-converts light energy into ATP and NADPH
-calvin cycle converts CO2 and ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 into sugar (G3P)
-photosynthesis = first step into an ecosystem

Concept Checks
1. The inputs of the Calvin cycle are carbon dioxide, the energy from ATP and the electrons and hydrogen ions from the NADPH.

2. The light reaction uses the water from the reactant side of the photosynthesis equation, while it produces the oxygen as a waste product. The Calvin cycle uses the carbon dioxide and produces glucose.

3. The RuBP is regenerated after each cycle, meaning that the materials at the beginning can be used again and again, basically being recycled.

4. The direct product of photosynthesis is a sugar called G3P. It isn't quite a glucose molecule yet, but by using the energy from ATP and the electrons and hydrogen ions from the NADPH, the sugar, G3P can be made into glucose, which is then used by plants to produce energy.